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- Dr. Yahia Abdul-Rahman
- Founder, American Finance House –
LARIBA www.LARIBA.com
- Pasadena, California, USA – 1-626-449-4401
- YARAHMAN at MSN.com - +1-626-255-2181
- LARIBA 2003 Symposium
- March 22, 2003
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- MONETARY ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPING AND WORLD:
- 1.1. CURRENCY DEVALUATION:
- ASIAN NATIONS:
- Decline of Exchange
Rates Relative to the US$ on February 16th, 1998
Compared to June 30th, 1998:
- Indonesia 75%
- Malaysia 36%
- Thailand 48%
- Philippines 36%
- Singapore 15%
- Korea (S) 47%
- Taiwan 15%
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- SELECTED NATIONS
- Exchange Rates of Various Selected Nations’ Currencies Relative to
US $
- Jan 97 Jan 02 Devaluation
- Turkey, Lira 108,340.00 1,474,525.00 93%
- Indonesia 2,347.90 10,410.00 77%
- Libya, Dinar 0.36 0.66 46%
- Sudan, Pound 148.00 256.00 42%
- Malaysia, Ringet 2.53 3.81 34%
- Pakistan, Rupee 40.21 60.80 24%
- Egypt, Pound
3.39
4.60 26%
- Morocco, Dinar
8.83
11.56 24%
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- THE RESULT:
- 1. Reduced the Values of Salaries, Savings, Pensions
and the Price of Goods and Services
- 2. Raised the Value of Short-Term Debt, usually
Denominated in US$ or European Hard Currencies and Increased Debt
Service.
- 3. Reduced the Credit Rating and Increased the Cost of
Borrowing Internationally.
- 4. Reduced Economic Activity.
- 5. Increased Unemployment and Poverty.
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- FREEZING OF ASSETS:
- Major Powers Resort to Freezing Assets Entrusted with Its Banks By
Developing Countries for Indefinite Periods without Ability or Legal
Forums for Recourse. Examples:
- Egypt (After Nationalization of the Suez Canal),
- Iran (After the Islamic Revolution) and
- Non-Profit Organization and Wealthy Individuals (After September 11th,
2001 Horrific Events in US.)
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- Money Printing:
- Developing Countries Induce Its Politically Independent Central Banks
to Print More Money for Short-Term Political Gains and Resulting
Inflation and Currency Devaluation.
- Debt Accumulation Without
Democratic Due Process
- Developing Countries
Resorting to International Borrowing with A Legal Democratic Mandate
from the Citizens of the Country Leading to Deepening the Mortgaging of
Countries Production, Assets and Resources.
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- Leakage Outside The Economy
- Lack of Controls on Funds Transfers Outside the Country Back to The
Major Countries Leaving Country Coffers Essentially Empty Instead of
Using the Borrowed Money for Economic “Development” as was Intended.
- Interruption of Trade with
Trading Partners
- Trade Agreements and Hence,
Flows are Interrupted Because Most of Trade Agreements are Done NOT in
Local Currencies but in Major (Hard) Currencies.
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- FIAT (“By Government Sanction”) MONEY
- According to Webster’s New World Dictionary Fiat Money is: “Currency
Made Legal by Fiat (sanction) and Neither Backed by, or Necessarily
Convertible into, Gold or Silver.”
- Paper Money was First Used by the Chinese Beginning in the Tang Dynasty
(618-907.) During the Ming Dynasty in 1300 AD the Chinese Placed the
Emperor’s Seal and Signatures of the Treasury on a Crude Paper Made from
Mulberry Bark.
- In the First US Depression (1819-1821) Fiat Money was used in states of
Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois and Missouri but was Quickly Abandoned
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- FIAT (“By Government Sanction”) MONEY
- In Times of Government Weakness and Instability like in times of wars,
no one will accept Paper Currency because the Promise of the Government
has No Value.
- Mr. Greenspan, Chairman of the US Federal Reserve Said (May 20th,
1999) to the House Banking Committee soon after the UK Announced its
Decision to Sell Part of Its Gold Reserves:
- “ Gold Still Represents the Ultimate Form of Payment in the World.”
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- FIAT MONEY – GOLD CURRENCY
- The Final Leg To Remove Riba From
Our Lives
- LARIBA Monetary Laws Are
Based Entirely on the Bimetallic Reference Point. The LaRiba Laws
stipulate that Measurements, Zakah, Marriage Dowry, Hudud, Compensation
Payments and other Forms of Trade All were Revealed Using Gold and
Silver as the Standard. It is an Islamic Obligation to Use the
Gold/Silver Bimetallic System.
- The Gold Dinar (Roman Empire)
and the Silver Dirham (Persian Empire)
- Gold and Silver As Money:
- Gold was used as Money Well into the 20th Century and for at
least Two Centuries Before. Most Bonds, Including Government Bonds Were
Gold Bonds. But After WWI Convertibility of Paper Money Into Gold Was
Suspended for the Most Part and Was Finally Terminated By President
Nixon in 1971.
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- The Dirham and Dinar were used as the Official Islamic Currency
Beginning with the Second Khalifah Omar Ibn Al-Khattab (634-644 CE.) The
Dinar is the Weight of 22 Karat Gold Equivalent to 4.3 grams and the
Dirham is the Weight of Silver Equivalent to 3.0 grams. He Established
the Well Known Standard Relationship As: “7 Dinars Must Be Equivalent to
10 Dirhams.”These were coins used by the Romans (The Dinar) and the
Persians (The Dirham) and the Muslim Authorities Stamped “In the Name of
Allah” onto the.
- The First Muslim Coins were struck during the Khalifah Uthman Ibn Affan
(644-656CE.)
- The First Original Minting of Dirham was done in 695 CE (75 AH) during
the Khalifah Abdul-Malik Ibn Marwan Rule.
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- GOLD MARKETS and PRICES:
- Attempts are continually being made, since the end of WWI to completely
eradicate the significance of gold in monetary terms and creating false
supply that exceeds demand using gold borrowing from central banks, sale
of gold from central bank reserves, options, futures and forward
sale. .
- On August 15th, 1971 the official convertibility of gold into
dollars as per the 1944 IMF Agreement was suspended for official
holders. This was done in response to France’s Charles de Gaulle
objections about the excess dollar supplies and the expanding monetary
policy in the US during Vietnam War and the Johnson Great Society
programs. (see http://zolatimes.com/V2.16/Gold.html)
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- PRICE FIXING:
- The center of Gold Trading is in London and the center of London gold
and silver trading is the London Bullion Market, operated by the London
Bullion Market Association, LBMA.
- The practice of fixing gold prices began in 1919. It continued until
1939, when London gold market was closed as a result of WWI. The market
was reopened in 1954. When the central bank gold pool began officially
in 1961, the Bank of England (as agent of the pool) maintained an open
phone line with N. M. Rothschild during the morning fixing (there was as
yet no afternoon fixing.) The objective was to fix the price around the
$35/ounce price within a 1% band.
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- 2. THE PLAYERS
- In its current form, the London gold price fixing takes place twice each
business day, at 10:30 am and 3:00 pm in the “Fixing Room” of the
Building of the merchant banking firm of N. M. Rothschild. Five
individuals, one each, representing:
- a. Standard Charter Bank
- b. Deutsche Bank
- c. N. M. Rothschild & Sons
- d. Republic Bank
- e. HSBC
- Price fixing is based on balancing supply and demand. Usually the fixing
takes less than 15 minutes. In 1979, during the Islamic Revolution of
Iran, the afternoon fixing lasted an hour and 39 minutes due to price
volatility.
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- RESEARCH: STUDY HISTORY!
- Who Does Not Learn from Lessons of History is Condemned to Repeat Them
- Understand The History of:Mono-Metallic, Bimetallic, Symmetalic and
Commodity Reserve Currency Systems & Reasons Used to Change Over.
Study the Bimetallic Movement and How It Died Down in 1890’s in Europe
and the Adoption of Monometallic Gold as the Standard.
- The Effect of Vast Gold Discovery in Canada & South Africa and
Advances in Production Technology on The Gold Reserve System (400 Mill
Marks in 1883 to 1,600 Mil. Marks in 1906.)
- The Problem of Inadequate International Reserve System in 1920’s and the
Effect of Lower Gold Prices on Reduction of Gold Production and the
Great Depression in 1930’s.
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- RESEARCH: STUDY HISTORY!
- Who Does Not Learn from Lessons of History is Condemned to Repeat Them
- 6. The Effect of Small Interest Differentials, under the Gold Standard
(When People had Complete Confidence in the Maintenance of the Fixed
Rate) on Short-Term Capital Flows. This was Precisely What Enabled
Britain to Get Along with a Small Gold Reserve in the 19th
Century.
- 7. The Advantages of Going Gold Over Floating or Adjustable Peg &
Currency Boards MOST IMPORTANT is the Much Smaller International Reserve
Requirement Needed.
- 8. What Happens If: Gold is Effectively Monetized and Any New
Speculative Bubble in Gold Market would Increase Value of Gold Reserves.
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- RESEARCH:
- 9. Simulate Past Inter-Country (s) Trading Experience Especially During
Times of Gold Price Instability. How Can The Bank Help in Hedging.
- 10. Develop A Computer “War-Game” To Simulate The Intelligence of the
Currency Traders Against That of The Gold Currency Supporters.
Stretching the Model Under Severe Conditions.
- 11. Develop Scenarios That Can Be Used To Discredit the New System and
Recommend Solutions.
- 12. Develop Ways & Strategies To Disengage Thinking in Hard
Currencies and Reinforce Thinking in Gold Currency Approach.
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- By God’s Grace It will Be Done!!
- Thank You
- YARAHMAN at MSN.com
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